宁夏公共电子阅览室建设运行中存在的问题及管理对策

"十二五"期间,文化部、财政部决定在全国实施"公共电子阅览室建设计划",要求每年要新建大批乡镇、街道、社区公共电子阅览室。针对越来越多建成的公共电子阅览室,建设运行中存在哪些问题、怎样科学管理、如何发挥优势更好服务百姓等问题,结合本人的实际工作情况进行分析研究,提出相应解决问题的建议和对策。     

自贸区背景下绿色航运发展探析

近年来,我国航运业景气度极度低迷.上海建设自贸区,其与航运的关联无疑成为航运业关注的焦点.自贸区建设为航运业发展带来新的发展机遇的同时,也给其带来新一轮的挑战.面对更高层级的开放,更激烈的竞争,以及国际社会的压力,绿色航运是大势所趋.航运业应借助自贸区建设的东风,积极调整结构,转变发展方式,按照合作、和谐、生态的要求,走绿色航运发展道路.政府和各类航运主体要发挥自身的作用,为推进绿色航运做出自己的贡献.     

我国诚实信用原则研究现状评析

诚实信用自其产生之日起就倍受人们的关注,近代更被称之为"帝王条款".本文通过对诚实信用原则在私法、民事诉讼法以及与自由裁量权的关系三个部分来对我国诚实信用原则研究现状作一评析,认为,诚实信用原则已经超出了其原本狭窄的适用范围,成为了法律与伦理的综合原则,具有了私法与公法适用之共通性,应与正义衡平一道,成为规制人们行为的实践性规范.     

Impact of China-ASEAN Free Trade Area on China＇s International Agricultural Trade and Its Regional Development

This study aims to examine the impact of the China‐ASEAN Free Trade Area (CAFTA) on China's international agricultural trade and its regional agricultural development, using the Global Trade Analysis Project model and the China Agricultural Decision Support System. Our analysis showed that: (i) CAFTA will improve resource allocation efficiencies for both China and ASEAN and will promote bilateral agricultural trade and, hence, will have positive effects on the economic development of both sides; (ii) CAFTA will accelerate China's export of the agricultural commodities in which it has comparative advantages, such as vegetables, wheat and horticultural products, but at the same time bring about a large increase in imports of commodities such as vegetable oil and sugar; and (iii) CAFTA will have significantly varying impacts on China's regional agricultural development because of large differences in the agricultural production structure in each region. Our results indicate that agriculture in the northern, northeastern and eastern regions of China will benefit from CAFTA, whereas agriculture development in southern China will suffer. Those regional specific impacts are quite different from the effects brought by multilateral free trade treaties, such as those of the WTO, which usually have positive effects on south China but negative impacts on the northern and western parts of China.     

A COMMENT ON MARKET FREE LUNCH AND FREE LUNCH

Frittelli (2004) introduced a market free lunch depending on the preferences of the agents in the market. He characterized no arbitrage and no free lunch with vanishing risk in terms of no market free lunch (the difference comes from the class of utility functions determining the market free lunch). In this note we complete the list of characterizations and show directly (using the theory of Orlicz spaces) that no free lunch is equivalent to the absence of market free lunch with respect to monotone concave utility functions.     

Corporate Rights to Free Speech?

Although the courts have ruled that companies are legal persons, they have not yet made clear the extent to which political free speech for corporations is limited by the strictures legitimately placed upon corporate commercial speech. I explore the question of whether or not companies can properly be said to have the right to civil free speech or whether corporate speech is always de facto commercial speech not subject to the same sorts of legal protections as is the right to civil free speech. In the absence of clearly defined legal precedent, I emphasize moral reasons for determining the appropriate limits of corporate civil free speech. Appealing to arguments typically used to justify individual rights to civil free speech, I examine the extent to which this sort of justification may or may not be legitimately extended to corporations. I conclude that corporate rights to civil free speech must be restricted because granting rights of free speech to institutions may, in practice, undermine the moral rationale and practical feasibility of guaranteeing rights of civil free speech to individuals. Furthermore, I argue that granting corporations full rights to civil free speech will undercut attempts to develop good moral character in corporate institutions by undermining the efforts of watchdog organizations.     

The Race to Connect East Asia: An Unending Steeplechase

East Asia has become more integrated as a region over the past quarter century. In looking ahead, this article identifies five central obstacles to further regionalism. Three address the composition of any future East Asian region: the arenas in which cooperation is sought, the geographic scope of any future region, and the extent to which regional ties are formalized. The other two variables will influence the future regardless of how the first three are resolved: the structure and balance of domestic political forces, and leadership. The complex interactions of these five are then examined in the recent moves toward preferential trade pacts, increased regional monetary and financial cooperation, and security.     

GATT/WTO与管理贸易

现实中的国际贸易不是自由贸易，国际贸易体制中一直都是自由贸易和贸易保护同时并存，以1GATT／WTO也不是自由贸易组织。管理贸易是指介于纯粹自由贸易和完全贸易保护之间的各种情形，其特点是规则导向、有较大兼容性以及可塑性。管理贸易的发展可以有两个完全相反的方向，而GATT／WTO倡导的贸易自由化实质上是在自由贸易和贸易保护两种成分并存的国际贸易体制中抑制贸易保护、提高贸易自由的程度。     

绿色壁垒的滥用与缺失——发达国家和发展中国家的博弈

绿色壁垒出现的间接原因是为了保护环境,维持可持续发展的需要,直接原因则是贸易保护主义所采取的新的贸易保护手段;基于该手段对于其运用主体有一定的要求,发达国家因此受益。但是基于该壁垒将是发展的大势,发展中国家要加快自身的改革发展,积极应对,将其带来的负面影响降到最低限度。     

论中日韩自由贸易区建立的制约因素

建立中日韩自由贸易区，既符合经济全球化与区域经济一体化迅猛发展的时代潮流，也是打破东北亚区域经济合作难以取得实质性进展的可行途径。但它的建立需要经历一个复杂而又充满挑战的过程，这主要是由于中日韩三国不仅在政治、经济方面存在着差异与差距，并且在开放各自敏感产业部门上也面临着巨大困难。美国的态度也将产生重要的影响。